Descuento por demora, demanda y uso de redes sociales Instagram

Autores/as

  • Samuel de Araujo Fonseca Universidade Estadual do Piauí https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8844-0817
  • Jorge M. Oliveira-Castro Instituto de Psicologia, Departamento de Processos Psicológicos Básicos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências do Comportamento, Universidade de Brasília (UnB); Instituto Serzedello Corrêa, Tribunal de Contas da União (TCU) https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5438-7330

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31505/rbtcc.v27i1.2191

Palabras clave:

Uso problemático de mídia social, Desconto por atraso, Demanda, Impulsividade, Autocontrole

Resumen

El uso problemático de redes sociales puede analizarse mediante la Teoría de la Patología del Reforzador (TPR) y el Modelo de Perspectiva Conductual (BPM). La TPR se enfoca en tasas altas de descuento temporal y baja elasticidad de demanda, mientras el BPM considera consecuencias utilitarias e informativas. Este estudio examinó si el uso intenso de Instagram se asocia a mayor descuento por reforzadores informativos (me gusta) y menor elasticidad. Participaron 65 universitarios que respondieron cuestionarios sobre descuento, demanda y uso de Instagram, en un diseño intrasujeto. Se encontró mayor descuento por “me gusta” que por dinero, y menor elasticidad entre usuarios más dependientes. También hubo efectos de rasgo y de magnitud. El promedio de “me gusta” se correlacionó con las tasas de descuento, indicando que medidas directas pueden ser más sensibles para evaluar el uso problemático de redes sociales.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.

Citas

Acuff, S. F., MacKillop, J., & Murphy, J. G. (2018). Applying behavioral economic theory to problematic Internet use: An initial investigation. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 32(7), 846–857. https://doi.org/10.1037/adb0000404

Acuff, S. F., Pilatti, A., Collins, M., Hides, L., Thingujam, N. S., Chai, W. J., Yap, W. M., Shuai, R., Hogarth, L., Bravo, A. J., & Murphy, J. G. (2022). Reinforcer pathology of internet-related behaviors among college students: Data from six countries. Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 30(5), 725–739. https://doi.org/10.1037/pha0000459

Alessi, S., & Petry, N. (2003). Pathological gambling severity is associated with impulsivity in a delay discounting procedure. Behavioural Processes, 64(3), 345–354. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0376-6357(03)00150-5

American Psychiatric Association. (2014). DSM-5: Manual diagnóstico e estatístico de transtornos mentais (5th ed.). Artmed.

Anand, S., Venkataraman, M., Subbalakshmi, K. P., & Chandramouli, R. (2015). Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Passive Consumption in Internet Media. IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, 27(10), 2839–2850. https://doi.org/10.1109/TKDE.2015.2419653

Banaco, R. A., Zamignani, D. R., Martone, R. C., Vermes, J. S., & Kovac, R. (2014). Psicopatologia. In M. M. C. Hübner & M. B. Moreira (Eds.), Temas clássicos da psicologia sob a ótica da análise do comportamento (pp. 154–166). Guanabara Koogan.

Barnes, S. J., Pressey, A. D., & Scornavacca, E. (2019). Mobile ubiquity: Understanding the relationship between cognitive absorption, smartphone addiction and social network services. Computers in Human Behavior, 90, 246–258. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2018.09.013

Białaszek, W., Ostaszewski, P., Green, L., & Myerson, J. (2019). On Four Types of Devaluation of Outcomes Due to Their Costs: Delay, Probability, Effort, and Social Discounting. The Psychological Record, 69(3), 415–424. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40732-019-00340-x

Bickel, W. K., Athamneh, L. N., Basso, J. C., Mellis, A. M., DeHart, W. B., Craft, W. H., & Pope, D. (2019). Excessive discounting of delayed reinforcers as a trans-disease process: Update on the state of the science. Current Opinion in Psychology, 30(1), 59–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2019.01.005

Bickel, W. K., Freitas-Lemos, R., Tomlinson, D. C., Craft, W. H., Keith, D. R., Athamneh, L. N., Basso, J. C., & Epstein, L. H. (2021). Temporal discounting as a candidate behavioral marker of obesity. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 129(1), 307–329. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.07.035

Bickel, W. K., Jarmolowicz, D. P., Mueller, E. T., & Gatchalian, K. M. (2011). The Behavioral Economics and Neuroeconomics of Reinforcer Pathologies: Implications for Etiology and Treatment of Addiction. Current Psychiatry Reports, 13(5), 406–415. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-011-0215-1

Bickel, W. K., Johnson, M. W., Koffarnus, M. N., MacKillop, J., Murphy, J., & G. (2014). The Behavioral Economics of Substance Use Disorders: Reinforcement Pathologies and Their Repair. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 10(1), 641–677. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-032813-153724

Bickel, W. K., Koffarnus, M. N., Moody, L., & Wilson, A. G. (2014). The behavioral- and neuro-economic process of temporal discounting: A candidate behavioral marker of addiction. Neuropharmacology, 76(1), 518–527. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2013.06.013

Boyd, D. M., & Ellison, N. B. (2007). Social Network Sites: Definition, History, and Scholarship. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 13(1), 210–230. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1083-6101.2007.00393.x

Broadbent, J., & Dakki, M. A. (2015). How Much Is Too Much to Pay for Internet Access? A Behavioral Economic Analysis of Internet Use. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 18(8), 457–461. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2014.0367

Busch, P. A., & McCarthy, S. (2021). Antecedents and consequences of problematic smartphone use: A systematic literature review of an emerging research area. Computers in Human Behavior, 114(1), 106414. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2020.106414

Catania, A. C. (1999). Aprendizagem: comportamento, linguagem e cognição (D. G. Souza (trans.); 4th ed.). Artmed. Publicado originalmente em 1998.

Chen, K., Chen, I., & Paul, H. (2001). Explaining Online Behavioral Differences: An Internet Dependency Perspective. Journal of Computer Information Systems, 41(3), 59–63. https://doi.org/10.1080/08874417.2001.11647009

Cheng, Y.-S., Ko, H.-C., Sun, C.-K., & Yeh, P.-Y. (2021). The relationship between delay discounting and Internet addiction: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Addictive Behaviors, 114(1), 106751. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106751

Chou, W.-J., Huang, M.-F., Chang, Y.-P., Chen, Y.-M., Hu, H.-F., & Yen, C.-F. (2017). Social skills deficits and their association with Internet addiction and activities in adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 6(1), 42–50. https://doi.org/10.1556/2006.6.2017.005

Cintra, A. R., & Gonçalves, F. L. (2024). Relação entre Dependência de Jogos Eletrônicos, Gêneros de Preferência e Comportamento Impulsivo. Revista Brasileira de Terapia Comportamental e Cognitiva, 26(1), 141–156. https://doi.org/10.31505/rbtcc.v26i1.1810

Cohen, J. (1992). Statistical Power Analysis. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 1(3), 98–101. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8721.ep10768783

Dahl, D., & Bergmark, K. H. (2020). Problematic internet use: A scoping review – longitudinal research on a contemporary social problem, 2006–2017. Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs, 37(6), 497–525. https://doi.org/10.1177/1455072520941997

Data.ai. (2022). State of Mobile. https://www.data.ai/en/go/state-of-mobile-2024/%0A

Datareportal. (2023). Digital 2023: Brazil. https://datareportal.com/reports/digital-2023-brazil

Duka, T., Crombag, H. S., & Stephens, D. N. (2011). Experimental medicine in drug addiction: towards behavioral, cognitive and neurobiological biomarkers. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 25(9), 1235–1255. https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881110388324

Fisher, M. (2023). A máquina do caos: Como as redes sociais reprogramaram nossa mente e nosso mundo. Todavia.

Foreman, A. M., Hayashi, Y., Friedel, J. E., & Wirth, O. (2019). Social distance and texting while driving: A behavioral economic analysis of social discounting. Traffic Injury Prevention, 20(7), 702–707. https://doi.org/10.1080/15389588.2019.1636233

Foxall, G. R. (1990). Consumer psychology in behavioral perspective. Routledge.

Foxall, G. R. (2016). Addiction as consumer choice: exploring the cognitive dimension. Routledge.

Foxall, G. R. (2024). The Continuum of Consumer Choice. Routledge.

Foxall, G. R., Oliveira-Castro, J. M., James, V. K., Yani-de-Soriano, M. M., & Sigurdsson, V. (2006). Consumer Behavior Analysis and Social Marketing: The Case of Environmental Conservation. Behavior and Social Issues, 15(1), 101–125. https://doi.org/10.5210/bsi.v15i1.338

Foxall, G. R., Oliveira-Castro, J. M., & Porto, R. B. (2021). Consumer behavior analysis and the marketing firm: measures of performance. Journal of Organizational Behavior Management, 41(2), 97–123. https://doi.org/10.1080/01608061.2020.1860860

Foxall, G. R., Oliveira-Castro, J. M., & Schrezenmaier, T. C. (2004). The behavioral economics of consumer brand choice: patterns of reinforcement and utility maximization. Behavioural Processes, 66(3), 235–260. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beproc.2004.03.007

Foxall, G. R., & Sigurdsson, V. (2011). Drug use as consumer behavior. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 34(6), 313–314. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X11000707

Gelino, B. W., Schlitzer, R. D., Reed, D. D., & Strickland, J. C. (2024). A systematic review and meta‐analysis of test–retest reliability and stability of delay and probability discounting. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 121(3), 358–372. https://doi.org/10.1002/jeab.910

Gilroy, S. P., Kaplan, B. A., & Reed, D. D. (2020). Interpretation(s) of elasticity in operant demand. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 114(1), 106–115. https://doi.org/10.1002/jeab.610

Hassan, M., & Kyonka, E. G. E. (2021). A Behavior Analytic Perspective on Treatment of Problem Gaming and Problem Social Media Use. The Psychological Record, 71(2), 219–235. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40732-021-00465-y

Hayashi, Y. (2023). Problematic mobile phone use as impulsive choice: Development and empirical verification of a reinforcer‐pathology model. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1002/jeab.900

Holland, G., & Tiggemann, M. (2016). A systematic review of the impact of the use of social networking sites on body image and disordered eating outcomes. Body Image, 17(1), 100–110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2016.02.008

Hursh, S. R. (1980). Economic Concepts for the Analysis of Behavior. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 34(2), 219–238. https://doi.org/10.1901/jeab.1980.34-219

Hursh, S. R. (1984). Behavioral Economics. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 42(3), 435–452. https://doi.org/10.1901/jeab.1984.42-435

Hursh, S. R., & Silberberg, A. (2008). Economic demand and essential value. Psychological Review, 115(1), 186–198. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.115.1.186

Isaacson, W. (2014). Os inovadores. Companhia das Letras.

Jacobs, E. A., & Bickel, W. K. (1999). Modeling drug consumption in the clinic using simulation procedures: Demand for heroin and cigarettes in opioid-dependent outpatients. Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 7(4), 412–426. https://doi.org/10.1037/1064-1297.7.4.412

James, R. J. E., & Tunney, R. J. (2017). The need for a behavioural analysis of behavioural addictions. Clinical Psychology Review, 52(1), 69–76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2016.11.010

Joseph, J., Varghese, A., VR, V., Dhandapani, M., Grover, S., Sharma, S., Khakha, D., Mann, S., & Varkey, B. P. (2021). Prevalence of internet addiction among college students in the Indian setting: a systematic review and meta-analysis. General Psychiatry, 34(4), e100496. https://doi.org/10.1136/gpsych-2021-100496

Kandell, J. (1998). Internet Addiction on Campus: The Vulnerability of College Students. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 1(1), 11–17. https://doi.org/10.1089/cpb.1998.1.11

Kaplan, A. M., & Haenlein, M. (2010). Users of the world, unite! The challenges and opportunities of Social Media. Business Horizons, 53(1), 59–68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2009.09.003

Kaplan, B. A., Amlung, M., Reed, D. D., Jarmolowicz, D. P., McKerchar, T. L., & Lemley, S. M. (2016). Automating Scoring of Delay Discounting for the 21- and 27-Item Monetary Choice Questionnaires. The Behavior Analyst, 39(2), 293–304. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40614-016-0070-9

Kepios. (2024). 5 billion social media users. https://datareportal.com/reports/digital-2024-deep-dive-5-billion-social-media-users

Kirby, K. N., & MarakoviĆ, N. N. (1996). Delay-discounting probabilistic rewards: Rates decrease as amounts increase. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 3(1), 100–104. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03210748

Koffarnus, M. N., Franck, C. T., Stein, J. S., & Bickel, W. K. (2015). A modified exponential behavioral economic demand model to better describe consumption data. Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 23(6), 504–512. https://doi.org/10.1037/pha0000045

Kyonka, E. G. E. (2021). Behavioral Psychology and Cell Phone Use: A Matter of Opportunity. The Psychological Record, 71(2), 189–190. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40732-021-00476-9

Leung, F., Geller, J., & Katzman, M. (1996). Issues and concerns associated with different risk models for eating disorders. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 19(3), 249–256. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1098-108X(199604)19:3<249::AID-EAT3>3.0.CO;2-M

Levenson, J. C., Shensa, A., Sidani, J. E., Colditz, J. B., & Primack, B. A. (2016). The association between social media use and sleep disturbance among young adults. Preventive Medicine, 85(1), 36–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.01.001

MacKillop, J., Amlung, M. T., Few, L. R., Ray, L. A., Sweet, L. H., & Munafò, M. R. (2011). Delayed reward discounting and addictive behavior: a meta-analysis. Psychopharmacology, 216(3), 305–321. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-011-2229-0

MacKillop, J., Miranda, R., Monti, P. M., Ray, L. A., Murphy, J. G., Rohsenow, D. J., McGeary, J. E., Swift, R. M., Tidey, J. W., & Gwaltney, C. J. (2010). Alcohol demand, delayed reward discounting, and craving in relation to drinking and alcohol use disorders. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 119(1), 106–114. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0017513

Madden, G. J., & Bickel, W. K. (2010). Impulsivity: The behavioral and neurological science of discounting. American Psychological Association.

Monteiro, R. P., Monteiro, T. M. C., Cassaro, A. C. de B., De Lima, M. E. B., De Souza, N. K. V., Ribeiro, T. M. S., & Arantes, T. P. (2020). Vício no Insta: propriedades psicométricas da escala Bergen de adição ao Instagram. Avances En Psicología Latinoamericana, 38(3), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.12804/revistas.urosario.edu.co/apl/a.8132

Moretta, T., Buodo, G., Demetrovics, Z., & Potenza, M. N. (2022). Tracing 20 years of research on problematic use of the internet and social media: Theoretical models, assessment tools, and an agenda for future work. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 112(1), 152286. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2021.152286

MSSmedia. (2024). How Gen Z and Millennials Use Social Media Differently. https://info.mssmedia.com/blog/how-gen-z-and-millennials-use-social-media-differently

Myerson, J., Baumann, A. A., & Green, L. (2014). Discounting of delayed rewards: (A)theoretical interpretation of the Kirby questionnaire. Behavioural Processes, 107(1), 99–105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beproc.2014.07.021

Normand, C. L., Fisher, M. H., Simonato, I., Fecteau, S.-M., & Poulin, M.-H. (2022). A Systematic Review of Problematic Internet Use in Children, Adolescents, and Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Review Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 9(4), 507–520. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40489-021-00270-x

Odum, A. L. (2011). Delay discounting: Trait variable? Behavioural Processes, 87(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beproc.2011.02.007

Odum, A. L., Becker, R. J., Haynes, J. M., Galizio, A., Frye, C. C. J., Downey, H., Friedel, J. E., & Perez, D. M. (2020). Delay discounting of different outcomes: Review and theory. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 113(3), 657–679. https://doi.org/10.1002/jeab.589

Rasmussen, E. B., Lawyer, S. R., & Reilly, W. (2010). Percent body fat is related to delay and probability discounting for food in humans. Behavioural Processes, 83(1), 23–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beproc.2009.09.001

Redner, R., & Hirst, J. (2021). Preliminary Evaluation of Delay Discounting and Cell Phone Use in the College Classroom. The Psychological Record, 71(2), 191–198. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40732-020-00405-2

Reed, D. D., Kaplan, B. A., & Gilroy, S. P. (2025). Handbook of Operant Behavioral Economics. Academic Press.

Robayo-Pinzon, O., Foxall, G. R., Montoya-Restrepo, L. A., & Rojas-Berrio, S. (2021). Does excessive use of smartphones and apps make us more impulsive? An approach from behavioural economics. Heliyon, 7(2), e06104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06104

Robayo-Pinzon, O., Rojas-Berrío, S., Paredes, M. R., & Foxall, G. R. (2023). Social media sites users’ choice between utilitarian and informational reinforcers assessed using temporal discounting. Frontiers in Public Health, 11(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.960321

Rogowska, A., & Libera, P. (2022). Life Satisfaction and Instagram Addiction among University Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Bidirectional Mediating Role of Loneliness. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(14), 8414. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19148414

Samaha, M., & Hawi, N. S. (2016). Relationships among smartphone addiction, stress, academic performance, and satisfaction with life. Computers in Human Behavior, 57(1), 321–325. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.12.045

Schaedel, U., & Clement, M. (2010). Managing the Online Crowd: Motivations for Engagement in User-Generated Content. Journal of Media Business Studies, 7(3), 17–36. https://doi.org/10.1080/16522354.2010.11073509

Schulz van Endert, T., & Mohr, P. N. C. (2022). Delay Discounting of Monetary and Social Media Rewards: Magnitude and Trait Effects. Frontiers in Psychology, 13(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.822505

Sidman, M. (1960). Normal Sources of Pathological Behavior. Science, 132(3419), 61–68. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.132.3419.61

Skinner, B. F. (1981). Selection by consequences. Science, 213(4507), 501–504. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.7244649

Skinner, B. F. (2003). Ciência e Comportamento Humano (11th ed.). Martins Fontes. (Publicado originalmente em 1953).

Sociedade Brasileira de Pediatria. (2018). CID 11 define uso abusivo de jogos eletrônicos como doença. https://www.sbp.com.br/imprensa/detalhe/nid/cid-11-define-uso-abusivo-de-jogos-eletronicos-como-doenca/

Statista. (2024). Social media usage in Brazil - Statistics & Facts. https://www.statista.com/topics/6949/social-media-usage-in-brazil/#topicOverview

Strickland, J. C., & Johnson, M. W. (2021). Rejecting impulsivity as a psychological construct: A theoretical, empirical, and sociocultural argument. Psychological Review, 128(2), 336–361. https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000263

Tang, C. S. K., Wu, A. M. S., Yan, E. C. W., Ko, J. H. C., Kwon, J. H., Yogo, M., Gan, Y. Q., & Koh, Y. Y. W. (2018). Relative risks of Internet-related addictions and mood disturbances among college students: a 7-country/region comparison. Public Health, 165(1), 16–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2018.09.010

Thaler, R. (1981). Some empirical evidence on dynamic inconsistency. Economics Letters, 8(3), 201–207. https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-1765(81)90067-7

Van Dijck, J., Poell, T., & De Waal, M. (2018). The platform society: Public values in a connective world. Oxford University Press.

Weinstock, J., Mulhauser, K., Oremus, E. G., & D’Agostino, A. R. (2016). Demand for gambling: development and assessment of a gambling purchase task. International Gambling Studies, 16(2), 316–327. https://doi.org/10.1080/14459795.2016.1182570

Weinsztok, S., Brassard, S., Balodis, I., Martin, L. E., & Amlung, M. (2021). Delay Discounting in Established and Proposed Behavioral Addictions: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, 15(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2021.786358

World Health Organization. (2022). ICD-11 - International Classification of Diseases 11th Revision. https://icd.who.int/en

Young, K. S. (1998). Internet Addiction: The Emergence of a New Clinical Disorder. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 1(3), 237–244. https://doi.org/10.1089/cpb.1998.1.237

Publicado

2026-05-06

Cómo citar

Fonseca, S. de A., & M. Oliveira-Castro, J. (2026). Descuento por demora, demanda y uso de redes sociales Instagram. Revista Brasileña De Terapia Comportamental Y Cognitiva, 27(1), e252191. https://doi.org/10.31505/rbtcc.v27i1.2191

Número

Sección

Pesquisas empíricas (básicas, translacionais ou aplicadas, com humanos e/ou não-humanos)